Drone users in the UK will be required to do safety awareness tests as part of planned new legislation on their usage.
Police will also be given new powers to crack down on illegal use of the unmanned aerial vehicles.
The government hopes to harness new drone technology which could see them used on oil rigs, in construction, for organ transport and parcel deliveries.
The bill has been welcomed by the pilots' union, which has warned of near misses involving drones and aircraft.
Balpa said there had been 81 incidents so far this year – up from 71 in 2016 and 29 in 2015.
The union's general secretary, Brian Strutton, said: "These proposals are a step towards the safe integration of drones, but until the new rules are in place the threat of a serious collision remains."
In July a drone flew directly over the wing of a large passenger jet as it came into land at London's Gatwick Airport, which a report said had put 130 lives at risk.
The proposed bill – to be published in spring 2018 – would ensure that owners of drones weighing more than 250g would need to register and sit a test.
Owners would be banned from flying them near airports or at heights above 400ft.
Police could also get new powers to ground and seize drones if they suspect they had been used in criminal activity.
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The transport minster, Lady Sugg, said the government wanted to strike the right balance between harnessing drone potential and ensuring they are not misused.
"We're bringing forward this legislation in order to ensure that drones can be used safely, whilst also addressing some of the safety and privacy concerns that people have," she said.
The government is also working with drone manufacturers on technology which produces virtual barriers, to stop the machines operating in restricted areas.
