WASHINGTON — The U.S. Justice Department has hit WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange with Espionage Act charges, escalating a legal fight against the high-profile activist and alarming press freedom activists.
DOJ had previously only indicted Assange on a single count of conspiracy to commit computer intrusion. Thursdays revelation of the additional 18 charges, filed in the Eastern District of Virginia, means Assange could face significantly more prison time if found guilty.
The alleged Espionage Act violations relate to Assanges complicity with Chelsea Manning, a former U.S. Army soldier who was convicted in July 2013 of violating the act after she shuttled troves of classified government information to WikiLeaks. Officials said Assange solicited the information from and then brazenly published details that put the governments human sources at risk, disregarding explicit warnings from the government.
Traditionally, the Espionage Act has been used against government officials, like Manning, who reveal such classified information, rather than the journalists or foreign nationals who publish the information.
As a result, the use of the Espionage Act against Assange set off alarm bells among press freedom activists on Thursday. While WikiLeaks isnt a conventional news organization, press advocates have long feared that charging Assange for the publication of government secrets could open the door to prosecuting reporters for doing the same.
“Any government use of the Espionage Act to criminalize the receipt and publication of classified information poses a dire threat to journalists seeking to publish such information in the public interest, irrespective of the Justice Departments assertion that Assange is not a journalist,” said Bruce Brown, executive director of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, in a statement.
Edward Snowden, the former NSA contractor who also touched off a debate about the medias role in publishing secret files when he leaked classified information to reporters in 2013, proclaimed: “the Department of Justice just declared war — not on Wikileaks, but on journalism itself.”
John Demers, head of DOJs national security division, pushed back at that argument on Thursday, insisting Assange is “not a journalist,” and alleging that the WikiLeaks founder “purposely published names he knew to be confidential human sources in warzones.”
Its a debate that Justice Department officials have grappled with for years. The Obama administration previously looked into bringing similar charges against Assange, but decided against it.
“We didnt bring this [Espionage Act] case for a couple of reasons,” said Matt Miller, an Obama-era DOJ spokesman. “First, we thought it was a dangerous precedent to prosecute Assange for something that reporters do all the time. We didnt believe Assange was a journalist, but the Espionage Act doesnt make any distinction between journalists and others, so if you can apply it to Assange, theres no real reason you couldnt apply it to [The New York Times]. Second, and its related, its not at all clear that charging someone with the publication of classified information could survive court scrutiny.”
Assanges legal case took off in April after Ecuador revoked its seven-year asylum, forcing him out of the embassy in London and paving the way for his extradition to the United States for one of the biggest ever leaks of classified information. Justice Department officials said they could not comment on how this might affect Assanges extradition from the U.K. to the U.S.
Among Thursdays charges are three counts that Assange violated the Espionage Act, which prohibits the disclosure of national defense information. The Justice Department alleged that Assange published select State Department cables that contained the unredacted names of human sources in Iran, China and Syria. He also published Afghan activity reports and Iraq activity reports that endangered local Afghans and Iraqis, prosecutors alleged.
“It was explicitly stated in the State Department cables that the identity of sources was to be protected,” a Justice Department official told reporters on Thursday. “Assange was warned by the State Department not to release the names but he did so nevertheless.”
However, the government has not identified any individuals who were directly killed a result of Assanges disclosures. The U.S. counterintelligence official who led the Pentagons review of the bombshell leaks told a court during Mannings sentencing hRead More – Source
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